過去我們曾介紹過堅果的好處,這次要介紹的是堅果種子類中的「種子」,《Hello醫師》列舉四種超級健康的種子類食物,包括奇亞籽、南瓜子、亞麻籽、葵瓜子,並介紹這些「超級種子」的潛在營養功效和健康好處。

有營養師指出,台灣在食物分類上,會將堅果種子類歸為同一類,除了一般常見的杏仁、核桃等堅果的分類,一般廚房中常見的重要種子有三類:
我國六大類食物的區分,主要根據食物的營養成分和性質,一般作為主食的穀物和豆類,不歸於種子類。堅果種子類幾乎都有著滿滿的營養元素,也常被稱為「超級食物」。
(同場加映:堅果種類這麼多你挑對了嗎?一次搞懂品質與分級)
奇亞籽是鼠尾草的種子,源於中美洲但在北美及南美,奇亞籽不僅好消化、熱量低,也富含許多營養,除了蛋白質和纖維,也包含其他營養素,如鎂、鈣、磷等礦物質和維生素、多種抗氧化物、微量元素 Omega-3等必需脂肪酸。
南瓜子富含鎂和鋅,國人每日建議攝取350毫克的鎂、15毫克的鋅,而每100克的去殼南瓜子,就含有633毫克的鎂和9毫克的鋅,是絕佳的補鎂選擇。適量補充鎂能幫助身體維持正常運作和代謝,鋅也是很好的抗氧化及抗發炎物質。(同場加映:神經肌肉都要它!9種食物高鎂又健康)

另外,選擇原味的南瓜子,能夠保留更多營養價值,那麼南瓜子的功效有這些:
需要注意的是,一般市售的南瓜子多數都有經過加工,且含有較多的鹽分,所以從南瓜果肉中直接取出種子會是較健康的選擇,或是挑選低鹽或無調味的南瓜子,才能攝取到最多的營養,又不造成身體負擔。
說到富含營養的超級食物,一定得提到亞麻籽,人們最早從六千年前就開始種植亞麻籽作為食物,亞麻籽是膳食纖維攝取的絕佳來源,除了含有蛋白質、礦物質和維生素等營養素,Omega-3 脂肪酸的含量相當高,特別是當中的 α次亞麻油酸(α-Linolenic Acid),而亞麻籽中的木質素(Lignans)更是所有飲食中含量最高的食物。
根據研究,亞麻籽可能有以下潛在功效:
葵花子俗稱葵瓜子,一直都是民眾喜愛的熱門零食,大家可能都忽略了葵花子的營養也相當豐富:
另外,曾有傳言指出吃葵花子會致癌,這是完全沒有根據的。不過民眾在嗑瓜子時,確實要注意以下幾點:
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現行版本
2026/01/09
文: 周士閔
醫學審稿: 蘇奕安營養師
由 張如青 更新